http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/200 2025-11-18T19:16:54Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/13661 Título: Analizando el funcionamiento de la Oficina de Atención a la Víctima del delito, en la localidad de Viedma y Cipolletti. Autor(es): Rapisarda, Macarena Abigail Abstract: The following investigation seeks to analyze in depth the operation and internal management of the offices of attention to crime victims, in the towns of Viedma and Cipolletti, through the study of provincial law N°4199. This law establishes the rights and guarantees that victims have once a crime has been committed, seeking effective and adequate attention. Analyzing the implementation of this law in both offices, making a comparison, focusing on the effectiveness of current protocols and procedures, as well as the importance of the presence of a criminologist in these agencies. The methodology used to successfully achieve the formulated objectives was through semi-structured, in-depth interviews with the personnel of the offices. In this way, understanding the internal functioning of the offices and their experiences as professionals of this agency, true stories and examples of cases of victims. Likewise, the documentary analysis of reports and official records was implemented, through quantitative and qualitative techniques, providing a comprehensive understanding of this research. This investigation yielded the following results: although significant progress has been made in comprehensive assistance to victims, there are still certain are as that need immediate improvement. In both localities, assistance for victims of crimes is very different, although all the offices have the same guidelines, the attention will depend on the criteria of each professional, and this is due to the lack of standardized protocols. Likewise, the offices are not on anequal footing. In the OFAVI of Cipolletti, there is anurgent need to optimizeth estructure, the need for more personnel for the growing demand for cases and, finally, an improvement in there sources provided. In the OFAVI of Viedma, there is also a lack of economic resources for the comprehensive care of victims, and a lack of training to broaden the spectrum of crimes, from the classification of crimes and the people to work with, both victims and perpetrators. Likewise, the need for the figure of the criminologistis evident, both in victim counseling, inter-institutional coordination, risk assessment, as well as the use of new tools, victimization surveys, victimology and crime maps, statistics, geographic profiling, and others. In order to study the crime in depth, from psychological, social and environmental factors, as well as to understand the needs of the victims, developing protocols to ensure a systematic care based on best practices. Also, the design of various public policies, campaigns and prevention programs that are offered to the whole society. 2025-06-06T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/12712 Título: Colonización de cuerpos semisumergidos por especies de dípteros de interés forense en el Alto Valle de Río Negro Autor(es): López, Jennifer Nicole Abstract: Forensic entomology is the science that studies the insect fauna associated with a corpse, with the primary objective of estimating the post-mortem interval, that is, the time from death to the discovery of the body. This information is crucial for reconstructing events, determining circumstances of death, linking or ruling out suspects, and reinforcing witness testimonies. Additionally, insects can provide data on the time of year the event occurred and the possible relocation of the body, as the presence and distribution of species vary according to the season and environment. The first insects attracted to a corpse are flies of the order Diptera. Females lay their eggs on the decomposing body and, depending on climatic conditions, larvae emerge and consume the tissues of the corpse. These larvae molt twice and, at the end of the larval stage, seek a place to transition to the pupal stage through a process called post feeding dispersal. The pupae bury themselves and remain immobile until they complete metamorphosis and emerge as adults. The final location of the pupae depends on where the larvae abandoned the corpse and the context in which the body is found. Larval development will depend on the climatic conditions, temperature, and humidity of the environment where the body is located. In many cases, corpses are moved and abandoned in bodies of water to hide them or eliminate evidence. In the Alto Valle de Río Negro region, we are surrounded by many bodies of water, and this activity can be quite common. Water is a variable that can alter the conditions of a corpse and modify the behavior of the insects that settle on and feed on it. Therefore, the objective of this work was to understand the behaviour of forensically relevant dipteran species on semisubmerged bodies in order to refine sample collection and improve forensic analysis. To meet the objectives, two halves of a pig were used as treatment and control, and comparative tests were performed. One part was placed in a semisubmersion condition in a canal 50 cm deep, and the other, as a control, on the ground. Both halves were observed at two-hour intervals, interrupting the process between 10 pm and 8 am, for a period of 48 hours. This two-hour frequency was maintained until the eggs hatched and the first larvae emerged. To quantify and compare the number of eggs, the oviposition area was used as the response variable. 2024-11-08T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/12602 Título: El sistema acusatorio adversarial y su relación con la situación carcelaria de la Provincia del Neuquén. Autor(es): Medel, Débora Janet Abstract: The purpose of this research work is to analyze the prison situation in the Province of Neuquén as a consequence of the evolution of the provincial Detention Units, whose reality shows a serious violation of human rights in terms of building conditions and actions related to the penitentiary system, which began to worsen after the entry into force of the adversarial accusatory system, which became more public since October 2022, due to a judicial measure that meant the trigger of the implicit declaration of a prison emergency. In this sense, we will try to know how the articulation with the penitentiary regime was after the procedural reform that introduced the adversarial accusatory system, specifically in terms of criminal enforcement policy in the Province of Neuquén, from a criminological point of view. To carry out this study, the method of triangulation of information between the collection of data from primary and secondary sources and the qualitative techniques of semi-structured interviews, which were conducted with certain people according to the functions they perform in different areas of the State, will be used. 2025-02-06T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/12334 Título: Análisis de traumas óseos por armas contundentes: una aproximación experimental Autor(es): Otero, Felipe Abstract: El análisis de traumas en restos óseos humanos implica el estudio de trazas, es decir que se observa el resultado de conductas pasadas, constituyéndose en evidencia indirecta. Algunas marcas óseas pueden ser el resultado de la aplicación de una fuerza en un área grande de impacto causada por elementos duros de superficie obtusa o roma, como piedras, garrotes, boleadoras o martillos. Los diferentes elementos efectores provocarían diversas improntas o patrones traumáticos identificables a través de variables. Estas marcas son también conocidas como lesiones contundentes. La investigación y el análisis de este tipo de lesiones en restos óseos permitirá abordar con mayor profundidad contextos forenses que han sido catalogados como violentos, ya que abundan las evidencias que dan cuenta de situaciones conflictivas. En ámbitos forenses se encuentran con frecuencia restos óseos en los cuales se pueden observar dichas marcas, donde la asociación entre ellas y el objeto que la realizó no está claramente establecida. En este sentido, es necesario generar marcos de referencia que permitan establecer relaciones probabilísticas entre la marca y el efector. Los estudios experimentales tienen el potencial de ofrecer tal marco de referencia. Sin embargo, los antecedentes experimentales son escasos en nuestro país, particularmente aquellos cuyo efector es de naturaleza contundente. Desde una perspectiva experimental, este trabajo se basó en la producción de lesiones contundentes a 21 cráneos de cerdo (Sus scrofa) con diferentes elementos y su posterior análisis y comparación con lesiones encontradas en restos bioarqueológicos. El análisis de variables relevadas en el material experimental se realizó mediante métodos estadísticos uni y multivariados. Finalmente, se aplicó fotogrametría, una técnica novedosa para el registro digital de estas marcas. Se consiguió diferenciar las marcas dejadas en cráneos de cerdo con diferentes elementos contundentes mediante las variables métricas y categóricas evaluadas. A su vez, se logró asociar categorías de marcas con categorías de golpes, según la magnitud de la fuerza aplicada y la tensión generada. Los resultados son relevantes para las ciencias forenses, dado que aportan información para la determinación de la causa de muerte, la reconstrucción de la mecánica de las lesiones y el estudio de la dinámica de los hechos sucedidos. 2018-08-03T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11444 Título: Aspectos de los Femicidios en la Región del Alto Valle de Rio Negro. Características, Información y Abordajes Locales Autor(es): Palazzo, Yasmín Ailén Abstract: In Argentina, in 2012, the Penal Code was modified to include femicide through National Law 26,791. That’s why this investigation covers femicide problems, as a conclusion of violence cycle based on gender. In this way, the objective was to characterize femicides from Alto Valle de Rio Negro between 2013 till 2018, in order to discover relevant aspects and to watch the judicial and criminalistics procedures. A documental analysis was done covering regional news and investigations related to 15 cases in terms of describing facts, victims, victimizers and scene. Based on the results, was partially possible to verify that the criminalistic analysis and judicial process didn’t use the gender perspective context into local woman homicides for gender reasons and exists an underestimation about the quantity of cases in which the figure of femicide is applied. 2021-12-03T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11384 Título: Colonización y sucesión de entomofauna cadavérica en cuerpos quemados: implicancias para la estimación del intervalo post mortem en la provincia del Neuquén Autor(es): Guerrero, Yesica Roxana Abstract: .- 2021-12-03T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11168 Título: Primer registro y análisis de entomofauna con importancia forense en restos óseo humanos de contextos funerarios contemporáneos del Alto Valle de Río Negro, Argentina. Autor(es): Favero, María Paloma Abstract: The study of insects and other arthropods associated with human skeletal remains allows us to sometimes make some inferences about the circumstances surrounding the death process, the reconstruction of the decomposition environment and mortuary practices, information that could be valuable for the resolution of legal cases. In this sense, the present work consists of the first study on the abundance and diversity of arthropod fauna, mainly of forensic interest, associated with human skeletal remains from contemporary funerary contexts in the upper region of the Alto Valle of the river Negro (Río Negro, Argentina). Skeletal remains and the associated textiles of 16 individuals exhumed from Allen Municipal Cemetery and the Cipolletti Municipal Cemetery were analyzed. Currently the remains are being stored at the Paleobiology and Geology Research Institute (IIPG, CONICET-UNRN). The arthropod fauna was collected with pins, fine-tipped tweezers, and brushes, identified through the use of stereoscopic microscope and keys and, finally, quantified by numeral counting and per unit of volume. A total of 199.451 arthropods fauna samples were collected, including complete and incomplete adults, pupae and puparia, of which n=58.159 were found in skeletal remains and n=141.292 in associated textiles. A total of eight orders were identified, two belonging to cadaveric fauna (Diptera and Coleoptera), two to accidental fauna (Hemiptera and Hymenoptera) and four to soil fauna (Isopoda, Acari, Chilopoda and Diplopoda). The taxonomic identification at the family level was carried only for the cadaveric fauna, which constitutes 99,26% of the total sample. Thus, six families of the order Diptera (Phoridae, Sphaeroceridae, Piophilidae, Muscidae, Sciaridae and possibly Lonchaeidae) and one of the order Coleoptera (Staphylinidae) were identified. The results obtained from the analysis of the distribution of the arthropod fauna between anatomical units and individuals indicate a higher frequency in anatomical units from the axial skeleton, mainly in the skull, and the individuals with associated textiles. The results obtained in this work have generated valuable and original information on the entomofauna associated with human skeletal remains from contemporary funerary contexts in northern Patagonia. The importance of arthropods fauna fragments associated with human skeletal remains and textiles as potential evidence is valued. It is expected that this information will not only be a contribution to resolution of forensic problems but also to bioanthropological and entomological investigations in the region. 2023-12-18T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11156 Título: Grillette imaginario: Reflexiones sobre la influenca de las representaciones simbólicas en la naturalización de la violencia cacelaria. Autor(es): Gonzalez, Fanni Micol Abstract: The study aims to be an approach to the reality of the prison, especially interesting for criminology, with a look from the symbolic, trying to penetrate the prison walls with an extensive bibliographic review. The problem of prison violence is the center of this investigation, from which the influence of symbolic representations on dehumanizing treatment and the violation of the human rights of people in the context of confinement will be investigated. There are many studies that emphasize the failure of imprisonment as a “rehabilitative” penalty, because in most cases, it is there where the differences of the stigmas that entered them are marked even more. We will stop there, in the passage through the prison, in the treatment that the inmates receive, and the reasons for the social rejection of the inmates, analyzing the symbolic component that lies behind this naturalized violence. 2023-12-14T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11044 Título: Aproximación teórica a los transfemicidios y travesticidios como crímenes de odio ejercidos por masculinidades en Argentina Autor(es): Córdoba, Flavia Cristina Abstract: In the present work, a theoretical approach to transfemicides and transvesticides as hate crimes carried out by masculinities in Argentina was carried out. The theme is linked to the public knowledge problem related to violence towards trans identities that is perpetrated by subjects built from patriarchy and machismo, these are mainly heterosexual and cisgender men. Thus, its general objective was to carry out an analysis of patriarchal violence and transfemicides from a criminological perspective in relation to the gender perspective within the field of justice administration, based on a systematic review of the bibliography and investigation of secondary sources. This review made it possible to establish, in broad strokes, that the gender perspective in the treatment of hate crimes is being increasingly applied, especially since 2015, so it is necessary to recognize its progress and its importance for society in general. However, the biggest shortcoming that occurs continues to be the high rate of impunity with respect to cases of femicide and hate crimes. The regulatory framework and the advances in this regard in Argentina are extensive and extremely positive, but there is still a long way to go in terms of the implementation of public policies and actions truly aimed at eradicating this type of crime. 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11038 Título: Violencia familiar. Definiciones, aspectos normativos y circuitos institucionales actuales en la Ciudad de Catriel, Río Negro. Autor(es): Fuentes, Aldana Araceli Abstract: No contiene. 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/11036 Título: Violencia de género - Un análisis comparativo de las características de las sentencias de violencia de género, ocurridas antes y durante la pandemia entre 2019 y 2022. Autor(es): Caballero Iacona, Lara Abstract: This study examined judicial sentences in Judicial District No. 4 regarding gender-based violence crimes from January 2019 to September 2022. The results showed that sexual abuse was the most common crime, followed by injuries, disobedience of a court order, and threats. Additionally, it was observed that in 2020, 72 sentences were issued, while in 2021, 176 were issued, and between January and September 2022, 117 sentences were issued. Most of the sentences refer to crimes committed in previous years, ranging from 2008 to 2022. On average, 36.4% of cases involving threats, 38.2% of cases involving disobedience of a court order, 24.4% of cases involving injuries, and 46.9% of cases involving sexual abuse involved repeated situations with 2 to 4 identifiable facts. Additionally, it was found that verbal and psychological violence are common in all types of crimes, while physical and sexual violence varies depending on the type of crime. Most of the accused had no criminal records, although in some cases, a court order was imposed prohibiting contact with the victim. In general, the sentences resulted in a high proportion of final convictions and a great variability in the sentences, depending on the seriousness of the crime and the backgrounds of each particular case. The need for long-term prevention and protection strategies, as well as a fast and effective judicial response to cases involving repeated situations of gender-based violence, is highlighted. 2023-11-22T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/10984 Título: Efecto de la sumersión en agua sobre la supervivencia de huevos de Calliphoridae (Insecta: Díptera) en la provincia de Río Negro Autor(es): Hidalgo Valdebenito, Julieta Marlen Abstract: Forensic entomology studies the insects found on corpses, providing useful information in medical-legal cases. It is a science through which the post-mortem interval (time elapsed since death) can be estimated, determine the time of year in which the death occurred, know if the body was transferred, and if it has any toxin. All this is based on the study of insect species of forensic interest and, also, on the influence of environmental factors, such as temperature and humidity, which influence, among others, the growth rate and decomposition processes. cadaverous Insects, especially flies, belonging to the Diptera order, are capable of detecting the presence of cadaveric remains located kilometers away and are normally the first to arrive and colonize a corpse, since they are capable of detecting the presence of cadaveric remains located kilometers away. Within the framework of Criminalistics, there are different variables that can affect the entomological signs. For example, the presence of water on the corpse could decrease the survival of the fauna and alter the integrity of evidence. However, until now, the effect that water can have on insect eggs and larvae, in cases with submerged or partly-submerged bodies, is unknown. Therefore, the objective of this work is to provide information on the survival of fly, eggs found on submerged bodies in the province of Rio Negro. For this, traps designed to capture adults flies were used, using steak as bait. Eggs were then obtained from the females and reared at constant temperatura (20°C) under 2 submersion conditions, taking into account time (30 minutes, 6h, 12h, 18h, 24h, 30h) and Depth (5 cm and 15 cm). Regarding the results, the eggs survived at 6 times and at both depths. However, the hatching percentage was affected as the time increased. In America, few studies have addressed the subject and, in Argentina, it is the first work that proposes to know the influence of water on Calliphoridae eggs. Through it, it was shown that water affects the hatching of eggs, decreasing survival at longer times of immersion. The findings presented provide pioneering and necessary data for the study of cases where entomological evidence is collected on bodies found in situations of submersion or partly- submersion. 2023-07-28T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/10554 Título: Víctimas de abuso sexual mayores de edad frente al proceso penal en Chos Malal - Un análisis acerca de la revictimización que podrían sufrir y cómo minimizarla. Autor(es): Pérez Agüero, Micaela Rocío Abstract: No contiene.- 2022-09-06T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/10384 Título: De lo que nadie habla: Condiciones laborales y reclamos policiales. Río Negro (2013-2020) Autor(es): Alvarado, Magdalena de los Angeles Abstract: This research examines the police claims performed in the province of Río Negro in the years 2013 and 2020. The thesis focuses on police work and its institutional characteristics with the purpose to account for the deficiency of hierarchical channels to manage demands on working conditions. The reconstruction of these working conditions is acknowledged through the self-perceptions of police workers produced through different methodological tools. The main source of analysis is the testimonies of male and female police workers in their role as representatives during the claims and as active participants in the same events. Methodological elements are also added that make it possible to account for the various institutional perspectives on the claims. These police claims in the province of Río Negro altered the logic of discipline and docility imposed in the institutional context. Since then the subsequent consequences, such as sanctions, are no longer an impediment for police workers to struggle on the streets as any other worker does. 2023-04-17T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/10342 Título: Patrón de dispersión de larvas postalimentarias de insectos del orden diptera en el noroeste de la patagonia: Implicancias para la Investigación Criminal Autor(es): Lavezzo, Julio César Abstract: No contiene.- 2018-12-21T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/10331 Título: Análisis y valoración de la prueba en el proceso penal Autor(es): Ramos, Valeria Fernanda Soledad Abstract: We can clearly observe that the Justice Institution does not enjoy credibility in our society. This generates a great social and cultural impact and entails, in many cases, the exercise of justice by one's own hand. Thus, a social disorder is unleashed that is adverse to democracy in its entire structure and this has to do with the professionalism of both the procedural subjects and the auxiliaries who contribute their work. It was chosen to carry out this study at the national level, contemplating the Upper Valley and Middle Valley area, and contributing international doctrine. The author set out to analyze the situation through a general objective: the analysis and assessment of the evidence in the criminal process, the role of the judicial authorities, the decisions that directly impact individuals and society in general, and the experts involved in the criminal process (years 2011 - Accusatory System) to the present; and three specific objectives: subjectivities / arbitrariness that promote mistrust and lack of credibility of the justice institution, system of guarantees, expertise and role of criminology. To address these objectives, a bibliographic research, visits to the Judiciary (non-participant observation) and in-depth interviews will be carried out. 2022-01-03T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/10187 Título: Historias de vida de personas excarceladas por delitos contra la propiedad Autor(es): Roberts, Sofía Candela Abstract: The purpose of this final degree project is to understand if there is a relationship between the life stories of the people interviewed and the commission of crimes against property, describing the characteristics of the life stories that influence the construction of the identity of two people who are using the probation institute, in which, one of the behavior guidelines, they present themselves at the Institute for Assistance to Prisoners and Released, in the city of General Roca. This work allows us to go beyond those readings that give an ethical and homogeneous response. The character of relevance is given by the absence of previous works of the same nature. The support of this work are the various criminological theories that try to explain, in different ways, the origin of criminal behavior. But all of them have a deterministic approach, from which this thesis intends to move away, safeguarding the particularities of each person. Likewise, authors who wrote about the psychological effects of punishment are taken into account, and their influence on the possibility, or not, of recidivism. The methodology used to achieve the stated objectives is to carry out in-depth interviews, of a semi-structured nature, to form the life stories of both people. From the stories it was possible to obtain a global vision of the people studied, finding common elements, but maintaining the individuality of both interviewees. Some of the common elements that have been observed in the life stories were: family instability, lack of communication, school dropout, problematic substance use, negative experiences in penal establishments, social exclusion in the return to the free environment, elements that they observe as typical of delinquency, and the family as the greatest motivation for not reoffending. Both have themselves to understand the seriousness of the acts committed, and today they choose not to commit a crime again, since they have a family to support and take care for. 2023-05-16T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/7153 Título: Satisfacciones en el ámbito laboral del policía y su influencia en el ejercicio de sus funciones policiales Autor(es): Mora, Marco Antonio Abstract: The main objective of the following study, which is carried out to obtain the degree of Bachelor of Citizen Security from the National University of Río Negro, is to elucidate whether personal satisfactions in the workplace influence the exercise of police functions. Study carried out with police personnel from the Fourth Police Station of the Alta Barda District of the city of Neuquén Capital Republic of Argentina. Being a qualitative research, with a study of the correlational type, as indicated by Sampieri (2004), this type of study aims to evaluate the relationship that two concepts, categories or variables have in a particular context. The strategy will consist of case studies, with a multidimensional approach, using a small but intensive sample of cases. With a single observation in time, therefore it is a cross-sectional study. Arriving at the result, that the police personnel identify as positive intrinsic satisfactions of their work environment: sharing knowledge for their own benefit, that of their colleagues and the institution, the pride of their work, following the family steps, others for providing a service to society, out of gratitude from some people and others for feeling a job well done; locating as negative: the building conditions of the workplace, which generate discomfort, reluctance and discomfort, shows a high degree of dissatisfaction with the Police Institution and to a lesser extent with society due to lack of recognition. Regarding the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic satisfactions, in police practice, the interviewees believe that the training is minimally consistent; that the social and institutional expectations are met, they are committed to their work; finding gaps in legal support, lack of driving and recognition. And before taking note of documents such as the Registry of Administrative Sanctions, it was found that the internal and external actions of the analyzed police personnel do not go beyond the internal of the Institution and seem not to be the product of complaints of police actions by third parties outside the Police . Concluding in the present study that beyond a certain dissatisfaction on the part of the police personnel with some internal issues of the Institution and lack of social recognition of the work carried out, it can be said that the intrinsic and extrinsic satisfactions do not influence the praxis Police of the staff of the Fourth Police Station of Neuquén Capital. 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/2469 Título: El agresor sexual: en el camino hacia una aproximación de un tratamiento cognitivo conductual Autor(es): Arias, Romina E. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rid.unrn.edu.ar:8080/handle/20.500.12049/882 Título: Condiciones de control y tratamiento de enfermos mentales declarados inimputables por delitos graves: la necesidad de crear espacios de intervención para enfermos mentales en la provincia de Rio Negro Autor(es): González, Gabriela Y. 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z