Rendimiento en la producción de cinco variedades de tomate cherry Solanum lycopersicum, a partir de los nutrientes aportados por carpas (yprinus carpio en un sistema acuapónico

Abstract

Aquaponics is a technique that combines hydroponics and aquaculture. In this system, wastes generated by the fish are used by plants and transformed into organic plant matter. In recent years, the challenge of producing vegetables free of pesticides and artificial fertilizers and the promotion of the circular economy have allowed the advancement and dissemination of aquaponic techniques together with the diversification of vegetables and aquatic organisms used. Due to the aforementioned, the objective of this work is to evaluate the productive performance of five varieties of cherry tomato Solanum lycopersicum in an aquaponic system, with carp Cyprinus carpio. The study was carried out in a greenhouse at INTA Valle Inferior, Viedma (40º 48' S; 63º 05' W). The test consisted of a 1m3 pond with an uninterrupted and constant flow of water, connected to a decanter, a settler and a biological filter. The hydroponic model used in the system was a floating raft with pozzolana stone as an inert substrate. The cherry tomato varieties used were: kumato; yellow; chocolate; brazil and green and carp were used as aquatic organism. Of the 5 varieties of S. lycopersicum, the yellow variety showed the greatest growth, followed by chocolate and kumato. The fish showed a weight increase of 467.03% with the diet supplied. Considering that the food received by the fish was the only source of nutrient input for the system, we can infer that with 9.60 kg of fish food, 25.95 kg of family food could be produced, involving 20.10 kg of tomatoes plus 5.85 kg of fish. This trial is the first in the region that makes it possible to take advantage of an exotic and underutilized resource such as carp, to obtain animal and vegetable proteins for human consumption.