Modelos de investigación oncológica. Antitumorales en pacientes caninas con tumores de glándula mamaria malignos

Abstract

In oncological research, the use of animal models is controversial as it requires ensuring their well-being. The objective of this work is to propose two canine models suitable for evaluating drug therapies to be repositioned and for comparing surgical procedures in clinical oncology. One model is based on reproductive biopsies (MCBR) of females without apparent disease and the other on delayed biopsies of spontaneous tumors (MCTE). In the MCBR, morphological changes, variations in the immunoexpression of hormone receptors and levels of cell proliferation were analyzed in biopsies. reproductive (n= 32) of mammary tissues. Delayed biopsies of malignant mammary gland tumors (n=128) were analyzed in the MCTE. In both models, changes in blood levels of hormones were found and the results were correlated with the phases of the estrous cycle. Canine patient populations were standardized according to typology, degree of malignancy and clinical follow-ups were implemented to evaluate overall and disease-free survival. Two medications were repositioned, desmopressin as a perisurgical antitumor, aglepristone as a postsurgical hormonal adjuvant, and mastectomies techniques were compared. In the MCBR with aglepristone, the mitogenic role of progesterone was demonstrated. In the MCTE, desmopressin and aglepristone demonstrated their ability to significantly increase the survival of canine patients; in ovarectomized female canines, agliprestone had no significant effects on both variables. Both models are suitable for evaluating the repositioning of drugs intended for antitumor therapy in female dogs.