Respuesta al nitrógeno y micronutrientes en base a zinc del cultivo de maíz bajo riego

Abstract

Maize is the crop with the largest area planted and harvested in the world; the technological advance over its genetics led to this increase in the last 30 years. The supply and variety of inputs used in their production caused profound changes to achieve more significant benefits. The deterioration of natural resources in agricultural activities and the growing demand worldwide have motivated the search for new alternatives that allow a high er yield of the grain with the help of macro and micronutrients. In different areas of our country, in the search for more stable productive options, we applied to corn. In the Rio Negro, the Lower Valley area opted for corn as the main annual summer extensive crop. Therefore, independent research is of great importance to identify the best alternatives. In this final work, the integral management of micronutrients based on Zinc was evaluated, with the addition of Nitrogen in different doses. It was proposed that the application of nitrogen in combination with micronutrients based on Zn will improve various morphological parameters and corn yield components, positively impacting the final production. A fertilization test was carried out with different doses of N on the surface at a rate of 0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha-1. In parallel, half of the treatments with nitrogen were combined with a foliar application of micronutrients based on zinc. Treatment with Nitrogen 0 and without micronutrients worked as a control. In this way, 8 treatments were obtained with 3 repetitions each. The set of results achieved indicates that there are no significant differences between the control and the micronutrient treatment for any of the doses and no micronutrient / nitrogen dose interactions were found. Where significant differences were found was between the treatments fertilized with nitrogen and the control. Those containing N300 reached the maximum differences compared to the control (N0), giving an increase of 47%. This same variable of N300 was also the one that recorded the maximum yields in the experiment, reaching 10,769 kg / ha. The information generated could facilitate the adequate fertilization of the crop for a higher yield, determined mainly by the number of grains achieved per unit area sustained over time.