La integración de la Patagonia al mercado. El caso de El Bolsón, Río Negro ¿Del desenclave zonal al enclave turístico?

Abstract

The article aims to analyze the history of El Bolsón taking into account the processes crossed by Patagonia in general, related to its insertion in the market. First, analyzes, based on Galafassi's research (2010, 2011, 2013, 2014), the integration of the Patagonia to the national and international markets taking as axis the logic of the production, and possible thanks to the binomial hegemony-domination. Second, analyze a form The most recent integration into the market: the logic of the contemplation of the landscape that becomes the amenity migrations (Diez and Domínguez de Nakayama, 2012) and the development tourism integrated into the global market or independent tourism development (Dimitriu, 002), relevant when it comes to understanding the dynamics present in El Bolsón. Third, delve into the different attempts to integrate El Bolsón into the national and international markets through the history, from its self-sufficient profile due to the great geographical isolation of the area, going through different capitalist logics that tried to undermine said profile, until the present, where the improvement in communications and telecommunications leads to an unlock zonal ending with isolation while paradoxically the logic of the market They propose tourist enclaves. You can see how the truncations integrations to the market have not managed to build hegemony effectively, so that the heterogeneity of the population of El Bolsón has been its most important feature. Although this heterogeneity has developed with certain degree of harmony, as capital presses more and more, conflicts increase. An example of this is the recent controversy of Cerro Perito Moreno.