Propagación y conservación de “monte negro” (Bougainvillea spinosa (cav.) heimerl.) a través del cultivo de tejidos vegetales

Abstract

Currently, the need to undertake actions that facilitate the conservation of biodiversity and the recovery of degraded areas, while promoting sustainable development, has been identified. In vitroplant tissue culture (CTV) allows the production of a large number of individuals, in reduced time andspace. In addition, through the synthetic seed technique (SS), the CTV enables the propagation and ex situ conservation of plant genetic resources. The monte negro (Bougainvillea spinosa (Cav.) Heimerl.) is a Monte species, native to Argentina. The objective of this work was to evaluate the propagation of B. spinosa through the CTV, to contribute to its conservation and sustainable use. In vitro germination of the seeds, morphogenic expression of juvenile explants and storage of SS of this species were studied. A germination of 98.67% was reached and the evaluated germinative parameters were comparable to those of other species (Germination energy:61.33%; mean germination time:1.79 days; germination vigor index:76.80). Callus formation was the most frequent morphogenic response, even in free of growth regulators media, and only 10% rooting was achieved in media supplemented with IBA (5mg/l). On the other hand, the conversion of SS was achieved after cold storage (13.33%). Thus, an efficient in vitro germination methodology was obtained for the firsttime, which made it possible to establish the first advances in CTV and in the application of synthetic seeds of B.spinosa for the development of new protocols for propagation and ex situ conservation of the species.